Topical Minoxidil and Low-Dose Oral Minoxidil in Onychodystrophy: A Proposed Treatment Algorithm

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Pharmacology
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Onychodystrophy encompasses various nail conditions impacting function and quality of life.
• Slow nail growth necessitates interest in adjunctive therapies to stimulate nail regrowth.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review existing evidence on minoxidil for nail growth and onychodystrophy.
• To propose a treatment algorithm for using minoxidil as an adjunctive therapy.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar.
• Records were screened and appraised using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2009 levels.

Main Results:

• A treatment algorithm suggests addressing the underlying nail disorder first.
• Topical or low-dose oral minoxidil may be considered, with monitoring for adverse effects.
• Minoxidil may enhance nail growth via vasodilation and growth factor signaling.

Conclusions:

• Minoxidil shows potential for supporting nail growth in onychodystrophy.
• Evidence specific to nail disorders is limited.
• Controlled trials are required to establish efficacy, optimal dosing, and safety.