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Related Concept Videos

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

138
Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
138
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview

213
Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...
213
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

144
Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
144
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

291
Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
291
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

365
Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
365
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

109
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
109

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Production of Near-Infrared Sensitive, Core-Shell Vaccine Delivery Platform
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Emerging Nanoformulation-Based Carrier Systems: New Insights into Promising Vaccine Delivery.

Kuldeep Rajpoot1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, Babulal Tarabai Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Sagar, M.P., 470228, India.

Current Drug Metabolism
|April 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Nanotechnology is revolutionizing vaccine development, using nanoparticles (NPs) for targeted delivery and enhanced immune responses. This review explores various nano-vaccine platforms, highlighting their potential to improve vaccine efficacy and safety.

Keywords:
Chitosandendrimersgenegold nanoparticlesimmunizationlipid nanoparticlesvaccine.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Immunology
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Vaccines are critical for infectious disease control, but many diseases lack effective vaccines.
  • Nanomaterials engineering offers novel approaches for vaccine design using nanoparticles (NPs).
  • NPs can elicit immune responses and modulate adaptive immunity for improved vaccine strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging nanocarriers for vaccine delivery.
  • To update on various nanoformulations used in vaccine development.
  • To discuss the potential and limitations of nanotechnology in vaccine design.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search on nanocarriers for vaccine delivery.
  • Focused on gold NPs, dendrimers, exosomes, chitosan (CS) NPs, lipid NPs (LNPs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), emulsions, and liposomes.
  • Considered limitations of CS for industrial nasal vaccine production.

Main Results:

  • Detailed updates on nanoformulations like chitosan NPs, alginate nanocarriers, liposomes, and emulsions as vaccine delivery systems.
  • Exploration of various NP types including gold, dendrimers, exosomes, and LNPs for diverse applications (e.g., SARS-CoV-2, influenza, cancer).
  • Analysis of SLNs as vaccine adjuvants and emulsions/liposomes as delivery platforms.

Conclusions:

  • Nanomedicines offer advantages like targeted delivery, controlled release, and enhanced immunogenicity.
  • Further understanding of nano-vaccine interactions with innate and adaptive immune systems is crucial.
  • Nanotechnology is transforming nanomedicine, improving efficacy, reducing toxicity, and enabling targeted therapy.