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Phase-separated hydrogels for advanced biomedical engineering: From material design to applications
Junpeng Mu1, Sha Li2, Zherui Zhang1
1Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
Materials Today. Bio
|April 20, 2026
Summary
Phase separation enhances hydrogels for biomedical uses like tissue engineering and drug delivery by improving mechanical and biological properties. This review explores phase separation methods and applications, addressing future challenges.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Materials Engineering
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Hydrogels are vital in medicine (wound healing, drug delivery, devices) due to unique properties and biocompatibility.
- Advanced manufacturing (bioprinting, microfluidics) enhances hydrogel applications but limitations persist.
- Constrained mechanical and biological properties hinder broader hydrogel use, necessitating novel modification strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review phase separation mechanisms and fabrication of phase-separated hydrogels.
- To elucidate the structure-property relationships in phase-separated hydrogels.
- To highlight biomedical applications and future prospects of these advanced materials.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on phase separation techniques in hydrogel fabrication.
- Analysis of studies focusing on phase-separated hydrogel properties.
- Synthesis of information on current and potential biomedical applications.
Main Results:
- Phase separation is a key strategy to overcome hydrogel limitations, enhancing mechanical and biological performance.
- Phase-separated hydrogels show significant promise in tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, and bioprinting.
- Understanding the link between phase separation and hydrogel properties is crucial for tailored material design.
Conclusions:
- Phase-separated hydrogels offer a promising route to advanced biomedical materials.
- Further research is needed to address current challenges and unlock full potential in clinical applications.
- This review provides insights for future development and exploration of novel directions in phase-separated hydrogel technology.
