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Urbanization harms river fish. Highly urbanized rivers show low diversity due to low oxygen, favoring tolerant species. Natural rivers maintain higher fish diversity.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Aquatic Biology

Background:

  • River systems face increasing urbanization, introducing pollutants and wastewater.
  • These stressors significantly impact aquatic species and alter fish community structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of urbanization on fish communities in the Pearl River Basin.
  • To compare fish assemblages in a highly urbanized river (Huadi River) versus a relatively natural river (Zengjiang River).

Main Methods:

  • Conducted field surveys at 44 sampling sites across urban and natural rivers.
  • Measured environmental variables and fish functional traits.
  • Utilized indicator value analysis, R-L-Q analysis (RLQ), and structural equation modeling (SEM).

Main Results:

  • Urban rivers exhibited low fish diversity, dominated by tolerant species like Oreochromis niloticus.
  • Natural rivers supported more diverse and balanced fish assemblages.
  • Dissolved oxygen emerged as a key environmental filter in urban rivers, driving trait convergence and biotic homogenization.

Conclusions:

  • Urbanization, particularly hypoxic stress, leads to trait convergence and reduced fish diversity in rivers.
  • Natural rivers preserve greater biodiversity due to a wider range of environmental factors.
  • Management strategies should focus on alleviating hypoxia and controlling invasive species to restore urban river ecosystems.