Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

5.2K
Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra....
5.2K
External Female Genitals01:15

External Female Genitals

54.7K
The vulva encompasses the external structures of the female reproductive system. At the forefront is the monpubis, a cushion of fatty tissue atop the pubic bone. Once puberty sets in, this area typically grows hair. Extending from just behind the mons pubis are the labia majora (labia = 'lips'; majora = 'larger'), which are larger skin fs olds coated with hair. Nestled within are the labia minora (labia = 'lips'; minora = 'smaller'), which are thinner, more...
54.7K
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

4.5K
The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
4.5K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

2.1K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
2.1K
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

982
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
982
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

3.2K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Female Sports Medicine Fellowship-Trained Academic Orthopaedic Surgeons Earn Significantly Lower Salaries Than Their Male Counterparts.

Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Psychological Readiness and Return to Sport.

Clinics in sports medicine·2026
Same author

Correlation of Social Determinants of Health Disparities With Outcomes After Bankart Repair: A Large Database Study.

Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine·2026
Same author

Plain-language prompting improves readability of ChatGPT-generated patient education for meniscal surgery without loss of accuracy.

Journal of ISAKOS : joint disorders & orthopaedic sports medicine·2026
Same author

Assessment of Inappropriate Questions Asked by Program Directors and Faculty During Orthopaedic Residency Interviews.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons·2026
Same author

Podium Abstracts Presented at the 2025 Annual Meeting of the Arthroscopy Association of North America.

Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology
09:55

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology

Published on: September 28, 2022

2.1K

Program Size and City Characteristics May Be Associated With Gender Diversity in Orthopaedic Surgery Residency

Yunseo Linda Park1, Margaret Grossman2, Caitlin Collier1

  • 1University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|April 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Geographic location did not influence women's representation in orthopaedic surgery residency programs. Larger programs and university affiliations were associated with higher percentages of women residents.

More Related Videos

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy
08:15

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy

Published on: February 17, 2023

1.4K
Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
09:29

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics

Published on: December 14, 2011

14.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology
09:55

Bridging the Technology Divide in the COVID-19 Era: Using Virtual Outreach to Expose Middle and High School Students to Imaging Technology

Published on: September 28, 2022

2.1K
Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy
08:15

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy

Published on: February 17, 2023

1.4K
Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
09:29

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics

Published on: December 14, 2011

14.6K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Specialties
  • Gender Diversity in Medicine

Background:

  • Orthopaedic surgery has low gender diversity.
  • Factors influencing women applicants include experience and faculty, but geographic impact is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Assess if orthopaedic surgery residency program location correlates with women's representation.
  • Identify program and city factors associated with higher percentages of women residents, adjusting for confounders.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed 204 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited orthopaedic residency programs.
  • Determined resident gender via photos, biographies, and pronouns.
  • Compared women's proportions across geographic divisions and used regression analysis for program/city factors.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in women residents' proportion across geographic divisions.
  • Larger programs showed a modest association with higher percentages of women residents (β=0.28, p=0.01).
  • Community programs had 5% fewer women residents compared to university programs (p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Program size and type, not location, are associated with gender representation in orthopaedic surgery residencies.
  • Programs aiming to increase diversity should consider size and recruitment strategies.
  • Further research needed on how program characteristics influence applicant decisions.