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(Intending) Migrants and Occupational Downgrading: Investigating the Willingness to Leave the Health Sector
Tunde A Alabi1, Oluwaseun Badru2, Fatai A Badru3
1Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
The International Journal of Health Planning and Management
|April 21, 2026
Summary
Many Nigerian healthcare workers (HCWs) planning to emigrate are willing to accept lower-skilled jobs abroad. This study reveals that 65.3% of HCWs intend to accept occupational downgrading, with males and pharmacists more likely to do so.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology of Migration
- Health Workforce Studies
Background:
- Nigerian healthcare workers (HCWs) face low pay and seek better opportunities abroad.
- International migration often leads to occupational downgrading for skilled professionals.
- Limited research exists on the pre-migration intentions of HCWs regarding occupational downgrading.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the willingness of Nigerian HCWs with emigration intentions to accept occupational downgrading.
- To identify factors influencing the decision to accept occupational downgrading among intending migrants.
- To differentiate between forced occupational downgrading and deliberate choices in migration.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional online survey of 411 Nigerian HCWs with emigration intentions.
- Logistic regression models used to analyze the willingness to accept occupational downgrading.
- Statistical significance assessed at a 95% confidence level.
Main Results:
- 65.3% of surveyed HCWs expressed willingness to accept occupational downgrading.
- Male HCWs were twice as likely as females to accept downgrading.
- Pharmacists were significantly more likely (16x) than doctors/dentists to accept downgrading; work hours and job satisfaction were also key factors.
Conclusions:
- Nigerian HCWs with migration intentions are making calculated decisions, anticipating occupational downgrading.
- Global disparities in wages, working conditions, and quality of life significantly influence migration decisions.
- Understanding these pre-migration calculations is crucial for addressing brain drain and migration impacts.
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