Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

15.9K
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
15.9K
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

7.9K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
7.9K
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

22.1K
Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
22.1K
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

14.3K
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
14.3K
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

9.2K
9.2K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

3.8K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Does the Location of the Distal Tibial Epiphyseal Fixation Affect Rod Failure in Children With Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

Journal of pediatric orthopedics·2026
Same author

An asymptomatic child with a chronic genetic disease.

Skeletal radiology·2026
Same author

An asymptomatic child with a chronic genetic disease.

Skeletal radiology·2026
Same author

Outcomes after surgical correction of severe scoliosis in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta: a prospective, 2-year minimum follow-up study with radiographic and patient-reported outcomes.

Spine deformity·2026
Same author

Atlantoaxial Instability in Mucopolysaccharidoses: Surgical Indications and Recommendations.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics·2026
Same author

Improvement in Antimicrobial Stewardship for Orthopaedics Procedures: A NSQIP Quality-Improvement Project.

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
07:35

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

Published on: April 11, 2012

17.7K

What's New in Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

Maegen Wallace1, Bryan Menapace2, Christina Herrero3

  • 1Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.

Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America
|April 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) management has advanced with new genetic insights and treatments. Multidisciplinary care and optimized medical and surgical interventions are key to improving skeletal health and function in children with OI.

Keywords:
BisphosphonatesOsteogenesis imperfectaScoliosisTelescoping rods

More Related Videos

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

13.2K
Author Spotlight: Comparing Alveolar and Long Bone Remodeling to Explore OTM Model Potential
05:25

Author Spotlight: Comparing Alveolar and Long Bone Remodeling to Explore OTM Model Potential

Published on: July 21, 2023

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
07:35

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

Published on: April 11, 2012

17.7K
Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

13.2K
Author Spotlight: Comparing Alveolar and Long Bone Remodeling to Explore OTM Model Potential
05:25

Author Spotlight: Comparing Alveolar and Long Bone Remodeling to Explore OTM Model Potential

Published on: July 21, 2023

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Genetics
  • Pediatric Bone Diseases
  • Connective Tissue Disorders

Background:

  • Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder affecting collagen, leading to bone fragility.
  • Recent advances have expanded OI classification and understanding of underlying molecular pathways.
  • Current treatments focus on bisphosphonates, with emerging therapies under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the understanding and management of Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
  • To highlight current and emerging therapeutic strategies for OI.
  • To emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary care in optimizing outcomes for children with OI.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on Osteogenesis Imperfecta genetics, classification, and treatment.
  • Analysis of current pharmacologic and surgical management approaches.
  • Discussion of emerging therapies and nonoperative care strategies.

Main Results:

  • OI classification now includes 22 types, involving pathways beyond collagen synthesis.
  • Bisphosphonates remain primary treatment, with ongoing evaluation of newer agents like denosumab and setrusumab.
  • Intramedullary telescoping rods are standard for fracture fixation and deformity correction, improving outcomes.
  • Multidisciplinary care, nutrition, physical therapy, and surgical planning are crucial for functional improvement and fracture prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal Osteogenesis Imperfecta management requires a coordinated multidisciplinary approach.
  • Continued research is essential for refining medical and surgical treatments to enhance quality of life and long-term skeletal health.
  • Personalized nonoperative care and advanced surgical techniques significantly improve function and reduce complications in OI patients.