Total elbow arthroplasty-a historical review.

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomaterials Engineering
• Implant Design

Background:

• Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) has undergone substantial design evolution since its introduction.
• Early TEA designs faced high failure rates due to biomechanical limitations and material constraints.
• Advancements in biomaterials and implant engineering have progressively enhanced TEA longevity and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the historical development of total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) implant designs.
• To identify prevalent causes of TEA failure.
• To outline optimal strategies for addressing complications and improving long-term success.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) evolution.
• Analysis of common failure modes and risk factors.
• Synthesis of current and future strategies for complication management.

Main Results:

• Key risk factors for TEA failure include material degradation, surgical technique, patient factors, and mechanical stress.
• Innovations like highly cross-linked polyethylene have reduced wear rates.
• Despite improvements, challenges remain, especially for younger, active patients.

Conclusions:

• Continued refinement of implant biomechanics and materials is essential.
• Development of biofilm-resistant materials and integration of robotic surgery are promising avenues.
• Patient education and adherence to postoperative guidelines are critical for successful TEA outcomes.