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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19

Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19

Published on: May 25, 2022

Ophthalmology journal article processing charges for publications in a post-COVID world.

Kush Savsani¹, Vishnupriya Alavala², Nikisha Richards³

¹Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.

Digital Journal of Ophthalmology : DJO

|June 22, 2026

Summary

Open access and hybrid journal models have increased article processing charges (APCs) in ophthalmology, especially post-COVID-19. Hybrid journals show significantly higher APCs than open access or traditional models.

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Comparing Objective Conjunctival Hyperemia Grading and the Ocular Surface Disease Index Score in Dry Eye Syndrome During COVID-19

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Published on: May 25, 2022

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: July 24, 2020

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Scholarly Publishing
Bibliometrics

Background:

The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) experienced a 51.46% annual growth rate in listings between 2002-2021.
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the growth of open access (OA) and hybrid publishing models.
These models may influence article processing charges (APCs).

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze article processing charges (APCs) in ophthalmology journals post-COVID-19.
To examine changes in publication modality and associated costs.
To compare APCs across different publishing models.

Main Methods:

Analysis of APC, publication frequency, and impact factor (IF) for 83 MEDLINE-indexed ophthalmology journals.
Stratification of data by publication modality: OA, hybrid, and traditional.
Comparison of geodistribution, intermodality, and APC-IF correlation.

Main Results:

Average APCs were $1,310.49 (OA), $3,550.71 (hybrid), and $7.18 (traditional).
Hybrid and traditional modes, along with IF >1, significantly impacted APCs (P < 0.001).
Multivariate analysis confirmed modality's significant effect on APC; hybrid journals had higher APCs than OA or traditional journals without significant differences in publication frequency or IF.

Conclusions:

Ophthalmology journals are shifting from traditional to hybrid publication models.
APCs have increased across all publication modes since the COVID-19 pandemic.
A trend towards the more profitable hybrid model is evident.