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  3. Risk Of Post-contrast Thyroid Dysfunction In Non-toxic Goiter: A Matched Cohort Study.
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  3. Risk Of Post-contrast Thyroid Dysfunction In Non-toxic Goiter: A Matched Cohort Study.

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Risk of post-contrast thyroid dysfunction in non-toxic goiter: a matched cohort study.

Wei Lee1,2, Chew-Teng Kor3,4, Yen-Tze Liu1,2,3,4,5

  • 1Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.

European Journal of Endocrinology
|April 21, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with non-toxic goiter face a significantly higher risk of thyroid dysfunction after iodinated contrast media (ICM) exposure. This study highlights the need for targeted screening and monitoring in these high-risk patients.

Keywords:
iodinated contrast medialogistic regressionnontoxic goiterrisk stratificationthyroid dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Radiology
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Iodinated contrast media (ICM) are widely used in medical imaging.
  • Thyroid dysfunction is a potential complication following ICM administration.
  • Non-toxic goiter is a common thyroid condition, but its association with post-ICM thyroid dysfunction is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the risk of thyroid dysfunction after ICM exposure in adults with non-toxic goiter.
  • To identify clinical predictors of post-ICM thyroid dysfunction in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of adults with ICM exposure (2010-2023).
  • Propensity score matching (1:8) of non-toxic goiter cases to controls.
  • Primary outcome: TSH-defined thyroid dysfunction within two years post-ICM.
  • Logistic regression analysis to determine adjusted odds ratios (aORs).

    • Main Results:

    • Non-toxic goiter was associated with a 3.46-fold increased risk of TSH-defined thyroid dysfunction post-ICM (aOR 3.10).
    • Independent predictors included amiodarone use (aOR 11.34), repeated ICM exposure (aOR 1.54), and female sex (aOR 1.96).
    • Findings were consistent across sensitivity analyses, including sonographically defined goiter.

    Conclusions:

    • Non-toxic goiter significantly increases the risk of thyroid dysfunction following iodinated contrast media administration.
    • Targeted screening and TSH monitoring are recommended for patients with non-toxic goiter undergoing ICM procedures.
    • Early identification of risk factors can aid in preventing adverse thyroid outcomes.