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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a critical indicator of kidney health, reflecting how well the kidneys filter blood. Changes in GFR can signal potential kidney impairment, necessitating accurate measurement methods to monitor kidney function effectively.Various molecules can serve as markers for GFR measurement, with the ideal marker meeting several specific criteria. It must freely filter at the glomerulus, avoid reabsorption or secretion by the renal tubules, remain unmetabolized, not...
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Renal clearance, a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics, can be determined using two different methods: the graphical method and the midpoint method. These methods provide insights into the rate of drug excretion by the kidneys and aid in assessing renal function.
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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Renal clearance is a critical parameter encompassing kidney filtration, secretion, and reabsorption processes. It is calculated using a specific equation to determine the rate at which the kidneys clear a drug.
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In healthy individuals, serum creatinine levels remain stable due to a balance between its constant production—primarily from muscle metabolism—and renal excretion. Creatinine is freely filtered by the glomeruli, making it a valuable marker for estimating renal function. When the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases, the kidneys can only eliminate less creatinine, causing serum levels to rise.Serum creatinine concentration is widely used to estimate creatinine clearance...
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Streamlined calculation of kidney function using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with population-based arterial input

Xin Mu1,2, Mira M Liu1,2, Haitham Al-Mubarak1,2

  • 1BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

European Radiology Experimental
|April 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a simplified method for assessing kidney function using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) with a population-based arterial input function (pAIF) and whole-kidney pharmacokinetic model (WKPM). This approach provides robust and clinically feasible estimates of eGFR and RPF, improving upon complex traditional methods.

Keywords:
Glomerular filtration rateKidneyMagnetic resonance imagingPharmacokinetic modelRenal plasma flow

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is valuable for assessing kidney function.
  • Traditional DCE-MRI methods suffer from artifacts and complex post-processing, limiting clinical utility.
  • Accurate estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) is crucial for kidney health assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a simplified DCE-MRI post-processing method for estimating kidney function.
  • To combine a population-based arterial input function (pAIF) with a whole-kidney pharmacokinetic model (WKPM).
  • To compare DCE-MRI derived eGFR and RPF with established clinical measures (serum eGFR and ASL-derived RPF).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective single-center study involving 43 patients undergoing multiparametric 1.5-T MRI.
  • DCE-MRI with high temporal resolution and background-suppressed pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) were acquired.
  • Whole-kidney pharmacokinetic modeling (WKPM) was used with both individual-based (iAIF) and population-based (pAIF) arterial input functions.
  • Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analysis to compare methods.

Main Results:

  • DCE-MRI eGFR derived using pAIF showed stronger correlation (r=0.61) with serum eGFR than iAIF (r=0.33).
  • DCE-MRI RPF derived using pAIF demonstrated a stronger correlation (r=0.65) with ASL-derived RPF compared to iAIF (r=0.53).
  • The pAIF method exhibited lower Bland-Altman bias for both eGFR and RPF compared to the iAIF method.

Conclusions:

  • DCE-MRI combined with pAIF and WKPM offers a simplified and robust approach for estimating single-kidney function.
  • This streamlined method minimizes artifacts and complex segmentation, enhancing clinical feasibility.
  • The findings support broader adoption of renal DCE-MRI in routine clinical practice for improved kidney function assessment.