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The Effect of Writing Direction and Task-Specific Experience on Mapping Time and Numbers on Space.

Mikhail Ordin1,2, Dina Abdel Salam El-Dakhs3, Leona Polyanskaya2,3,4

  • 1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Writing direction influences how we perceive time, but not numbers. This study suggests learned behaviors, not mental maps, explain these cognitive differences in time and number processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Cross-cultural Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Writing direction is known to influence spatial-temporal representations.
  • The impact of writing systems on abstract concepts like time and number requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how writing script direction influences the mental representation of time and number axes.
  • To differentiate between automatic behavioral patterns and mental mapping in cognitive processing.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted presenting participants with months or numbers on the left and right of a screen.
  • Participants judged which month came later or which number was larger.
  • Performance was compared between Arabic and Portuguese speakers, and mathematicians and non-mathematicians.

Main Results:

  • Arabic speakers showed faster and more accurate responses for months when the correct answer was on the left; Portuguese speakers showed the reverse.
  • This directional effect was not observed when comparing numbers.
  • Mathematicians performed better with numbers and worse with month names compared to non-mathematicians.

Conclusions:

  • The observed effects on time perception are attributed to automatized behavioral patterns from habitual information processing, not mental mapping of time onto space.
  • Cognitive processing, particularly with numbers and abstract concepts, is directly influenced by experience and expertise, independent of spatial-temporal representations.