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Interleukin-17 and interleukin-10 in the adenoid hypertrophy children concomitant with otitis media with effusion

Yuyan Yan1, Lujie Zuo1, Yafang Wang1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|April 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Reduced levels of IL-17 and IL-10 in adenoid tissue are linked to otitis media with effusion in children with adenoid hypertrophy. These findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for AH-related OME.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a common cause of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children.
  • The underlying mechanisms connecting AH and OME require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in children with isolated AH versus those with AH and OME.
  • To compare local (adenoid tissue) and systemic (serum) cytokine expression.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure IL-17 and IL-10 concentrations.
  • Adenoid tissue and serum samples were collected from 30 children with AH and OME and 30 children with isolated AH.

Main Results:

  • Significantly lower levels of IL-17 and IL-10 were found in the adenoid tissue of children with AH and OME compared to those with isolated AH.
  • No significant differences in serum IL-17 or IL-10 levels were observed between the groups.
  • Adenoid tissue IL-17 and IL-10 demonstrated higher predictive value for AH with OME than serum levels.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced local expression of IL-17 and IL-10 in adenoid tissue is associated with OME development in children with AH.
  • These cytokines represent potential therapeutic targets for preventing or treating AH-related OME.
Abstract

Keywords:
adenoidal hypertrophycytokinesinterleukin-10interleukin-17otitis media with effusion

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