Association Between Fasting Blood Glucose and Myocardial Infarction Risk: Findings From the 2015-2018 NHANES Database...

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology
• Metabolic Syndrome Research
• Genetic Epidemiology

Background:

• Fasting blood glucose and myocardial infarction share risk factors, but their direct relationship is not fully understood.
• Investigating the link between glycemic control and heart health is vital for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the causal association between fasting blood glucose and myocardial infarction.
• To analyze data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and employ Mendelian randomization (MR).

Main Methods:

• A two-sample MR study using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics.
• Inverse variance weighted (IVW) and sensitivity analyses for causal inference.
• Weighted multivariable logistic regression using NHANES 2015-2018 data.

Main Results:

• Observational analysis (n=4807) revealed a positive correlation between fasting blood glucose and myocardial infarction risk (OR: -0.027, 95% CI: [-0.042, -0.011]).
• MR analysis confirmed a causal relationship: increased fasting blood glucose is associated with higher myocardial infarction risk (IVW OR: 1.0026, 95% CI: [1.0006, 1.0046], p=0.0098).
• Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings.

Conclusions:

• A significant causal relationship exists between fasting blood glucose levels and myocardial infarction.
• Elevated fasting blood glucose is a causal risk factor for myocardial infarction.
• These findings underscore the importance of glycemic control in cardiovascular disease prevention.