Discovery of Potential Novel Lipid Biomarkers for Heart Failure Based on UPLC-QTRAP-MS

Heart failure (HF), a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism and a lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers. To identify potential biomarkers, we performed targeted analysis using Scheduled MRM on a Sciex QTRAP 5500 system to profile plasma metabolites in HF patients. First, we compared plasma lipidomes between 38 HF patients and 28 non-disease group (NO) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). Candidate lipids were then identified through t-tests, multivariate analyses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve evaluations. The results revealed 43 significantly altered lipids between HF patients and non-disease group. ROC analysis identified 14 lipids with area under the curve (AUC) values > 0.95, demonstrating high diagnostic potential. These were further analyzed using binary logistic regression in MetaboAnalyst 5.0. This study provides clinicians with an objective method for early HF detection while advancing the understanding of HF pathogenesis.