Screening for Lung Cancer

Lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) reduces mortality but requires integrated, system-based implementation. Review of evolving screening strategies highlighting risk-prediction models, imaging advances, and Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) as a standardized framework linking findings to management. Current low-dose chest CT requires comparing with earliest CT to detect change; Lung-RADS categories guide management with increasing complexity. AI enhances nodules detection and risk stratification but requires radiologist oversight; computer-aided detection supports consistency and longitudinal tracking. Implementation demands scalable infrastructure, targeted outreach, and continuous quality improvement to maximize survival benefits and equity.