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Electrocatalytic Acetylene Semihydrogenation: Catalyst Design, Microenvironment Regulation, and Reactor Engineering
Shangqi Zhou1, Zhenpeng Liu2, Konstantin S Rodygin3
1State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.
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Electrocatalytic acetylene semihydrogenation (EAH), which uses water as the proton source under ambient conditions, offers an environmentally sustainable and energy-efficient alternative to conventional thermocatalytic acetylene hydrogenation for purification and synthesis of ethylene (C2H4). Recent advances in Cu-based catalysts and interfacial engineering in three-phase reactors have enabled EAH to achieve high Faradaic efficiencies (FE > 90%), ampere-level partial current densities, and stable polymer-grade ethylene output. This review comprehensively addresses the three pillars: (i) catalyst design for regulating acetylene/ethylene adsorption energetics and suppressing competing reactions; (ii) microenvironment regulation, including interfacial water, local electric fields, and mass transport; and (iii) the influence of reactor engineering on performance. Eventually, we provide an outlook on the current challenges and future research directions for advancing the EAH toward industrial implementation.
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