Switchable 2D-3D display through a metasurface lenticular lens

Three-dimensional (3D) displays provide immersive visuals by delivering depth cues, making them valuable for applications such as interactive media^1,2. To enhance practicality, 2D-3D switchable displays offer the flexibility to toggle between high-resolution 2D and immersive 3D modes in a single device^3,4. Here we propose a full-colour 2D-3D switchable light-field display powered by a metasurface lenticular lens (MLL). The MLL switches its focal behaviour on the basis of the polarization of incident light, serving as the core mechanism for 2D-3D mode transition. The MLL is designed with a high numerical aperture, enabling a notably wider field of view of 100° while maintaining an ultrathin profile of just 1.2 mm. A large-area MLL with an active area of 25 cm² is fabricated and seamlessly integrated as a dual-dimension switchable optics device, demonstrating the scalability of the approach for wide-area display applications. The fabricated device, when simply mounted onto an organic light-emitting diode display panel, successfully demonstrates clear 2D and 3D images, along with the active switching functionality enabled by applied voltage. These results highlight a promising solution for next-generation display technologies in both consumer electronics and commercial applications.