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Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

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Development of the Harmony Scale for Postpartum Couples for First-time Parents.

Keiko Iida¹, Mari Haku²

¹Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.

The Journal of Medical Investigation : JMI

|April 23, 2026

Summary

A new scale, the Harmony Scale for Postpartum Couples (HSPC), effectively measures relationship harmony for new parents. This tool aids in identifying challenges and promoting healthy family functioning during the crucial postpartum period.

Keywords:

development of a scale first-time parents harmony postpartum couples

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Family Studies
Maternal Health

Background:

Childbirth transitions couples from dyadic to triadic family structures.
Maintaining relationship harmony is crucial during this adaptation period.
Existing tools may not adequately assess postpartum couple dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate the Harmony Scale for Postpartum Couples (HSPC).
To provide a reliable and valid measure of couple harmony in the early postpartum phase.
To support early identification of relational difficulties and inform interventions.

Main Methods:

Scale development in three phases: conceptual framework, expert review, item analysis, and psychometric validation.
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used.
Data collected from 376 participants (188 couples) with infants aged 3-6 months.

Main Results:

The final 15-item, four-factor HSPC was developed, assessing Intimacy with Partner, Physical・Social Health, Mental Health, and Self-Efficacy in Parenting.
The scale demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .825).
Confirmatory factor analysis supported construct validity (GFI=.908, AGFI=.869, CFI=.880, RMSEA=.083).

Conclusions:

The HSPC is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing couple harmony in the early postpartum period.
The scale can facilitate early detection of relationship issues.
It can guide interventions to enhance family functioning, parental well-being, and infant health.