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Aptamer-Based Approaches for Influenza Virus Detection: A Systematic Review.

Javad Charostad1, Zohreh-Al-Sadat Ghoreshi2, Nasir Arefinia2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences Yazd Iran.

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|April 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Aptamer-based tools show promise for accurate influenza virus detection, offering a faster and more stable alternative to traditional methods. These advanced diagnostics are crucial for improving global public health surveillance.

Keywords:
aptameraptasensorshemagglutinininfluenzasystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Biosensors

Background:

  • Influenza virus poses a significant global health challenge due to diagnostic limitations.
  • Traditional methods for influenza detection often lack speed and accuracy.
  • Aptamer-based technologies offer a novel approach to overcome these diagnostic hurdles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review aptamer-based tools for influenza virus detection.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and limitations of these novel diagnostic methods.
  • To identify areas for future research and development in aptamer diagnostics for influenza.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searched multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar) and grey literature.
  • Included 22 studies from 1432 identified articles, focusing on aptamers and influenza detection.

Main Results:

  • Diverse aptamer techniques identified, including FRET, electrochemical, and SERS-based aptasensors.
  • Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) is the primary aptamer development method.
  • FRET methods achieved detection limits of 0.43 ng/mL; electrochemical methods showed picomolar sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamer-based diagnostics present a cost-effective, stable, and rapid alternative for influenza detection.
  • These tools are suitable for rapid, field-deployable applications and multiplex detection.
  • Further optimization is needed for sensitivity and technological simplicity for widespread clinical use.