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[Translated article] Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for infection after posterior lumbar arthrodesis:

J H Núñez¹, J Diego Montenegro², B Escudero-Cisneros³

¹Unidad de Cirugía de Columna, Servicio de Traumatología y Cirugía Ortopédica, Hospital Universitario Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain; Artro-Esport, Centro Médico Teknon, Barcelona, Spain; COT & Care Institute SL, Barcelona, Spain.

Revista Espanola De Cirugia Ortopedica Y Traumatologia

|April 23, 2026

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Diabetes mellitus is a key risk factor for acute infection after lumbar spinal fusion surgery. Careful preoperative evaluation and informed consent are crucial for diabetic patients undergoing this procedure.

Area of Science:

Spine Surgery
Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Clinical Risk Factor Analysis

Background:

Lumbar spinal fusion is a common surgical procedure for spinal stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis.
Acute postoperative infection is a significant complication following lumbar fusion.
Identifying risk factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify independent risk factors for acute postoperative infection after posterior lumbar fusion.
To analyze demographic, clinical, and surgical variables associated with infection.
To enhance patient safety through better risk stratification.

Main Methods:

Retrospective observational study of 356 patients undergoing lumbar fusion (2017-2022).

Keywords:

Artrodesis vertebral Complicaciones postoperatorias Diabetes mellitus Factores de riesgo Infección de la herida quirúrgica Lumbar vertebrae Postoperative complications Risk factors Spinal fusion Surgical wound infection Vértebras lumbares

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Analysis of demographic, clinical, and surgical data.

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine independent risk factors.

Main Results:

Overall incidence of acute postoperative infection was 5.9%.
Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic corticosteroid use, and prolonged surgery (>3 hours) were associated with infection in bivariate analysis.
Diabetes mellitus was the only significant independent risk factor (OR: 3.36, P=0.019) in the multivariate model.

Conclusions:

Diabetes mellitus is the primary independent risk factor for acute infection following lumbar fusion.
Preoperative risk assessment and informed consent are critical for diabetic patients.
This finding aids in optimizing surgical planning and patient management.