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EMORe: Motion-Robust 5D MRI Reconstruction via Expectation-Maximization-Guided Binning Correction and Outlier

Syed M Arshad, Lee C Potter, Yingmin Liu

    IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
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    EMORe enhances motion robustness in 5D cardiac MRI by adaptively correcting motion artifacts. This new method improves image quality and diagnostic confidence in free-running, free-breathing scans.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Cardiovascular Imaging

    Background:

    • Free-running, free-breathing 5D cardiac MRI (5D CMR) is valuable but susceptible to motion artifacts.
    • Traditional self-gating methods struggle with accurate signal extraction and bulk motion, limiting clinical use.
    • Residual motion compromises image quality and diagnostic accuracy in 5D CMR.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate EMORe, an adaptive reconstruction method for robust 5D cardiac MRI.
    • To improve motion artifact reduction and image quality in free-running, free-breathing 5D CMR.
    • To enhance the clinical applicability and diagnostic confidence of 5D CMR.

    Main Methods:

    • EMOre employs an expectation-maximization (EM) framework with adaptive inter-bin correction and outlier rejection.
    • The E-step refines probabilistic bin assignments by correcting valid data and rejecting motion-corrupted data.
    • The M-step updates the image estimate using the refined soft bin assignments.

    Main Results:

    • EMOre significantly improved peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity, and edge sharpness in phantom studies.
    • The method demonstrated superior bin assignment accuracy compared to standard compressed sensing across various motion levels.
    • In vivo validation showed enhanced blood-myocardium edge sharpness and reduced artifacts in volunteers, especially during induced motion.

    Conclusions:

    • EMOre offers robust handling of bulk motion artifacts in 5D cardiac MRI.
    • The adaptive reconstruction method improves image quality and diagnostic confidence.
    • EMOre shows significant potential for enhanced clinical applicability in 5D CMR.