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Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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Neurodevelopment after a strength-based intervention in children born extremely preterm: a randomised controlled

Anna Hallin Provenzano1,2, Noni Wadström3,4, Kristina Löwing3,5

  • 1Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. anna.hallin.provenzano@ki.se.

Pediatric Research
|April 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The Stockholm Preterm Interaction-Based Intervention did not show short-term neurodevelopmental benefits for extremely preterm infants at 24 months corrected age. Further research is needed to explore long-term effects and optimize early support programs.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care and development
  • Pediatric neurodevelopmental research
  • Intervention studies in preterm infants

Background:

  • Extremely preterm birth poses significant risks for neurodevelopmental impairments.
  • Early parent-infant interventions may support development, but evidence remains limited.
  • The Stockholm Preterm Interaction-Based Intervention was evaluated for its impact on neurodevelopment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effect of the Stockholm Preterm Interaction-Based Intervention on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months corrected age.
  • To examine the risk of autism spectrum disorder as a separate outcome.
  • To investigate if intervention effects varied based on biological and psychosocial factors.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 130 extremely preterm infants.
  • Participants were assigned to either an intervention group (intervention + extended follow-up) or a control group (extended follow-up only).
  • Neurodevelopment was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition, at 24 months corrected age.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in cognitive, language, or motor development were observed between groups.
  • This lack of difference was consistent in the overall cohort and in subgroups, including those at risk for autism spectrum disorder.
  • No interaction effects were found concerning biological and psychosocial factors.

Conclusions:

  • The intervention did not demonstrate short-term neurodevelopmental benefits at 24 months corrected age in this cohort.
  • Long-term follow-up is crucial to evaluate potential delayed effects of the intervention.
  • Findings highlight the need for continued evaluation and potential refinement of early support programs for preterm infants.
Abstract

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