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Cerebrovascular fibromuscular dysplasia

Marion Boulanger1, Ahmad Nehme2, Emmanuel Touzé3,4

  • 1Service de Neurologie, CHU Caen Normandie, Avenue de la Cote de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France.

Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders
|April 24, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Cerebrovascular fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) often affects women and can be asymptomatic or present with headaches. Early diagnosis and management, including imaging and antiplatelet therapy, are crucial for preventing complications like stroke.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cerebrovascular fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) involves arteries in the brain and neck and is often overlooked.
  • It is associated with various neurological symptoms, highlighting the need for increased awareness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive description of cerebrovascular FMD.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, prognosis, and management.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of studies published up to December 2024, sourced from PubMed, Embase, and Medline.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on articles detailing FMD epidemiology, manifestations, prognosis, or management, with a preference for studies involving at least 15 patients.

Main Results:

  • The review analyzed 119 studies, revealing FMD predominantly affects women around age 50, often involving cervical arteries.
  • Common symptoms include headache and pulsatile tinnitus; complications include stroke and hemorrhage. Webs are prevalent in Black populations.
  • Consensus recommendations emphasize brain-to-pelvis imaging and antiplatelet therapy; endovascular treatment is considered for specific cases.

Conclusions:

  • Current research has improved understanding of cerebrovascular FMD manifestations.
  • Further research is needed to address knowledge gaps in genetics, pathophysiology, management, and long-term prognosis.
Keywords:
cervical arterial dissectionfibromuscular dysplasiaheadacheintracranial aneurysmstroke

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