2-Pyridyl sulfoxide-directed Pd(II)-catalyzed regioselective C2-arylation/alkenylation of indoles
Kanchan Yadav1, Ram Singh Jat2, Ritesh Singh3
1School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India.
Abstract:
The present study reports Pd(II)-catalysed regioselective C2-arylation and alkenylation of indoles using iodoarenes and activated/unactivated alkenes, respectively, directed by 2-pyridyl sulfoxide at the C3-position of indoles for the first time. This additive-free approach proceeds under oxidative conditions, using silver oxide as the oxidant, and furnishes the biologically important C3-thia-2-functionalized indoles in moderate to very good yields. Notable features of this protocol include a readily cleavable/amenable directing group, compatibility with diverse functional groups, broad substrate applicability, excellent regioselectivity, good scalability, and promising potential for late-stage functionalization.
More Related Videos
08:12A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
Published on: August 16, 2018
09:54Chemoselective Preparation of 1-Iodoalkynes, 1,2-Diiodoalkenes, and 1,1,2-Triiodoalkenes Based on the Oxidative Iodination of Terminal Alkynes
Published on: September 12, 2018
Related Concept Videos
ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn...
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
Diels–Alder Reaction Forming Bridged Bicyclic Products: Stereochemistry
Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
