Adaptive angle-oriented receiver-enhanced MIMO VLC system for platooning under curved road conditions

This study investigates a platoon-oriented visible light communication (VLC) system equipped with a multi-input multi-output adaptive angle-oriented receiver (MIMO-AAOR) under curved-road driving scenarios. To address the degradation of intra-platoon VLC links caused by geometric misalignment and multi-vehicle interference on curved roads, a comprehensive non-sequential ray-tracing model is established by jointly incorporating the three-dimensional geometry of vehicles and roads, LED radiation characteristics, and reflection-scattering properties of both vehicle bodies and road surfaces. An end-to-end link evaluation framework is developed for curved-road conditions, enabling accurate estimation of path loss and the equivalent signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). A single-photodiode VLC scheme (MIMO-PD-VLC) is adopted as the baseline for comparison. Typical sharp-curve, moderate-curve, and near-straight segments are analyzed to evaluate the impact of an AAOR horizontal field of view (FoV), the platoon size, and the cruising speed on system performance. Simulation results demonstrate that an AAOR horizontal FoV of approximately 20^∘-25^∘ achieves an effective balance between signal aggregation and interference suppression. As the platoon size increases and the speed rises, the proposed MIMO-AAOR-VLC system consistently outperforms the MIMO-PD-VLC baseline. The median SINR gain remains around 12-17dB, confirming robust suppression of intra-platoon interference under dynamic driving. The findings provide quantitative theoretical guidance and an engineering reference for the FoV configuration of vehicular VLC receivers and the co-design of platoon operating parameters under curved-road environments.