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Updated: Jul 6, 2026
A Postoperative Evaluation Guideline for Computer-Assisted Reconstruction of the Mandible
Published on: January 28, 2020
A Bibliometric Analysis of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technologies in Maxillofacial Skeletal Reconstruction:
Yifei Deng1, Songsong Zhu1,2, Ruiye Bi1
1Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu.
Background:
Maxillofacial skeletal defects lead to functional impairments, aesthetic disfigurement, and psychosocial burdens, while traditional surgical approaches face challenges in precision and personalization. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies offer potential for enhanced precision and innovation.
Purpose:
A bibliometric analysis was conducted to explore the current applications, research trends, and development process of AI and digital technologies in maxillofacial skeletal reconstruction.
Methods:
Five hundred sixteen articles published from 1996 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Data were analyzed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer to evaluate publication trends, journal/institutional contributions, collaborations, co-citation, and keyword bursts.
Results:
On average, 17.64 articles were published annually, and this number increased significantly, with a notable surge in AI-related studies post-2022. The Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ranked highest in publication volume (36 articles), while the Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery received the most citations (1213). China led in productivity (86 articles), whereas the USA had the most citations (1777). Keyword bursts revealed evolving research focus: early emphasis on rapid prototyping (2008-2016) transitioned to artificial intelligence (2023-2025) and machine learning (2022-2025). Collaborative networks highlighted partnerships among China, Germany, Italy, and the USA.
Conclusion:
Artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies were revolutionizing maxillofacial reconstruction through enhanced precision and innovation. However, challenges such as data bias, algorithmic transparency, and regional disparities require global collaboration and standardized protocols. Future efforts should prioritize integrating AI tools, diversifying data sets, and expanding inclusion of non-English literature. This study underscored the transformative potential of AI while advocating for equitable technological advancement.
