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Friedel Oscillations in Nanoconfined ^{4}He.
Bernd Rosenow1, Adrian Del Maestro2,3
1Universität Leipzig, Institut für Theoretische Physik, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Physical Review Letters
|April 25, 2026
Summary
We found Friedel oscillations in one-dimensional bosonic quantum liquids, like helium in nanopores. This scattering phenomenon has observable signatures in elastic scattering and mass transport.
Area of Science:
- Condensed matter physics
- Quantum liquids
- Low-dimensional systems
Background:
- One-dimensional bosonic systems, such as helium-4 confined to nanopores, exhibit Luttinger liquid behavior.
- Collective excitations in these systems manifest as density waves.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the impact of a scattering potential on a low-dimensional quantum liquid.
- Analyze the behavior of helium-4 inside a perturbed nanopore with a localized constriction.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a microscopic model of helium-4 within a perturbed nanopore.
- Employed quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
- Analyzed the density of the core within an effective low-energy framework.
Main Results:
- Revealed the emergence of Friedel oscillations in a bosonic quantum liquid, notably in the absence of a Fermi surface.
- Demonstrated the pinning phenomenon caused by the scattering potential.
Conclusions:
- The Luttinger liquid model predicts observable signatures of the scattering phenomenon.
- These signatures can be detected via elastic scattering measurements.
- Temperature and pressure dependence of mass transport through the deformed nanopore offer further experimental evidence.
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