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Explainable artificial intelligence in cognitive learning psychology: A psychometric meta-analysis
1Behavioral Science Research Institute, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand.
Acta Psychologica
|April 25, 2026
Summary
Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is valid in cognitive psychology, particularly in higher education. This study confirms its structure across cognitive load, attention, and metacognition domains within adaptive learning systems.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Artificial Intelligence
- Higher Education
Background:
- Growing integration of artificial intelligence in educational settings.
- Need for transparent and interpretable AI models in cognitive research.
- Limited synthesis of explainable AI (XAI) applications in higher education psychology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically examine the application and validity of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) within cognitive psychology.
- To identify the primary domains where XAI is applied in higher education.
- To synthesize existing research on XAI in cognitive psychology for higher education settings.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
- Data extraction from Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO (2015-2025).
- Science mapping analysis and psychometric meta-analysis of 188 selected studies (62,000 participants).
Main Results:
- XAI demonstrated significant validity in cognitive psychology (mean R²=0.79, p < 0.001).
- Three principal domains emerged: cognitive load/neural efficiency, attention/working memory, and metacognition/affective interaction.
- Positive pooled correlations (r=0.27-0.36) and satisfactory model fit (CFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.042) were observed.
Conclusions:
- Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is a valid and structured approach within cognitive psychology.
- XAI effectively maps onto key cognitive processes relevant to adaptive learning systems in higher education.
- The findings support the integration of XAI for enhanced understanding and application in educational psychology.
Keywords:
Adaptive learning systemCognitive learning psychologyExplainable artificial intelligenceHigher education studentLearning innovationMetacognitive learningPsychometric meta-analysisMore Related Videos
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