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Self-Compassion and Achievement Goals: A Curvilinear Examination Using Generalized Additive Modeling.

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Self-compassion (SC) positively impacts mastery approach goals, but only above a certain threshold. High SC may hinder other achievement goals, suggesting a nuanced relationship in goal striving.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Self-compassion (SC) is linked to goal-setting, often promoting adaptive tendencies.
  • However, some research suggests high SC might hinder goal striving and encourage passivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex relationship between self-compassion and achievement goal orientations.
  • To explore potential nonlinear (curvilinear) associations between self-compassion and different types of achievement goals.

Main Methods:

  • 357 university students completed online self-report questionnaires.
  • Measures assessed self-compassion and achievement goal types (mastery approach, mastery avoidance, performance).
  • Generalized additive modeling analyzed nonlinear relationships.

Main Results:

  • A near-linear negative relationship was found between self-compassion and mastery avoidance/performance goals.
  • A threshold effect was observed for mastery approach goals: SC scores above 3.0 predicted increased endorsement.
  • These findings indicate self-compassion's benefits for mastery approach goals may depend on reaching a critical level.

Conclusions:

  • Self-compassion's impact on achievement goals is not uniformly positive.
  • A threshold effect suggests that self-compassion may foster mastery approach goals only when a certain level of self-compassion is achieved.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering nonlinear dynamics in self-compassion and achievement goal research.