Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

1.1K
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
1.1K
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

28
Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration...
28
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

20
Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
20
Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

408
IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
408
Nephrons01:10

Nephrons

8.1K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
8.1K
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

8.3K
The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous...
8.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Right access for the right elderly patient: A proportional, frailty-informed framework for vascular access selection.

The journal of vascular access·2026
Same author

Serum Phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibody Is Associated with Thrombogenesis in Primary Membranous Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Glomerular diseases·2026
Same author

Infertility as a possible diagnostic feature of Carney complex.

JCEM case reports·2026
Same author

Prediction is not decision: why frailty must guide clinical choices in hemodialysis.

International urology and nephrology·2026
Same author

Membranous Nephropathy Preceding Systemic Sclerosis: An Unusual Presentation of Systemic Sclerosis sine Scleroderma.

Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia·2026
Same author

"One Size Does Not Fit All" is only the beginning: the need for proportional, patient-level decisions in elderly CKD.

International urology and nephrology·2026
Same journal

[Rufus of Ephesus, On gout].

Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia·2026
Same journal

A Case Report and Literature Review: Chlorhexidine-induced anaphylaxis in a hemodialysis patient.

Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia·2026
Same journal

New Frontiers in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-associated Pruritus: A Case of Hemoperfusion with HA130.

Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia·2026
Same journal

Fibronectin Glomerulopathy: A Case Report of Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis.

Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia·2026
Same journal

Sodium Disorders in Multiple Myeloma: Beyond Pseudohyponatremia to Clinical Pitfalls and Mechanistic Insights.

Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia·2026
Same journal

Acute Kidney Injury and Early Diagnostic Biomarkers: A Narrative Literature Review.

Giornale italiano di nefrologia : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di nefrologia·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

2.6K

Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) and Nephropathy.

Alanis Yael Szyferman1, Soledad Kleppe1, Fabrizio Cristiano2

  • 1Research Department. Universidad del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Giornale Italiano Di Nefrologia : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Nefrologia
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variations in the Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene contribute to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) disparities in Black individuals. While APOL1 risk alleles increase susceptibility, other factors influence disease development, indicating incomplete penetrance.

Keywords:
Apolipoprotein L1geneticskidney diseases

More Related Videos

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
07:15

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Published on: August 23, 2024

1.1K
Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins
09:12

Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins

Published on: January 18, 2019

8.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 28, 2026

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice
09:43

Analyses of Proteinuria, Renal Infiltration of Leukocytes, and Renal Deposition of Proteins in Lupus-prone MRL/lpr Mice

Published on: June 8, 2022

2.6K
Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
07:15

Mechanism of Kemeng Fang's Inhibition of Podocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Membranous Nephropathy through the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway

Published on: August 23, 2024

1.1K
Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins
09:12

Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins

Published on: January 18, 2019

8.7K

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) disproportionately affects Black individuals and older adults globally.
  • The Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene, prevalent in African ancestry populations, is a significant genetic factor in this disparity.
  • Understanding APOL1's role is crucial for addressing kidney disease inequities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a narrative review on the current understanding of APOL1.
  • To elucidate the complex role of APOL1 in kidney disease pathogenesis.
  • To explore the genetic contributions to ESRD disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of genetic associations with kidney disease.
  • Examination of APOL1 risk alleles (G1 and G2).

Main Results:

  • APOL1 G1 and G2 risk alleles are linked to increased non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk in homozygous/compound heterozygous individuals.
  • Associated CKD types include hypertensive nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and HIV-associated nephropathy.
  • Incomplete penetrance is suggested, as most African Americans with two risk alleles do not develop kidney disease, implying additional factors and 'second hits' are involved.

Conclusions:

  • APOL1 gene variations significantly influence susceptibility to ESRD in individuals of African ancestry.
  • Mechanisms of renal damage may involve altered ion transport and mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • Further research is needed to understand the interplay of APOL1 and other factors in kidney disease development.