The Role of Glass Fiber-reinforced Composites in Maxillary Fracture Repair

Maxillary fractures present complex challenges in facial trauma repair due to the intricate anatomy and functional importance of the midface. Traditional fixation methods, such as titanium plates and screws, provide mechanical stability but are associated with complications, including infection, palpability, and interference with imaging. This review examines the role of Glass Fiber-reinforced Composites (GFRC) as an emerging alternative for maxillary fracture repair, emphasizing its mechanical properties, clinical applications, and potential for improving patient outcomes.GFRC offers distinct advantages, including high tensile strength, flexibility, and biocompatibility. These properties enable more effective stress distribution across the fracture site, reducing localized pressure and enhancing bone healing. GFRC's radiolucency and lightweight nature also address aesthetic concerns, as it eliminates the visibility and palpability issues commonly associated with metallic implants. This review compares GFRC to traditional materials such as titanium and composite resorbable polymers, highlighting its superior performance in terms of mechanical stability, patient comfort, and long-term durability. The review also explores emerging technologies in GFRC, such as bioactive coatings and nanotechnology, which have the potential to enhance its biological integration and promote faster bone regeneration.