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Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Trauma: A Narrative Review
Carson Walters1, Porter Young2
1Orthopedic Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA.
Cureus
|April 27, 2026
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming orthopedic trauma care, enhancing diagnostics, surgical planning, and education. While AI offers significant benefits, challenges like validation gaps and liability must be addressed for full integration.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Trauma Surgery
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
- Medical Imaging Analysis
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in orthopedic trauma are rapidly expanding beyond radiographic fracture detection.
- Current research encompasses preoperative planning, surgical education, and administrative optimization.
- AI integration promises to enhance diagnostic accuracy, surgical efficiency, and clinician well-being.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of AI's current utility in orthopedic trauma.
- To explore the future implications of AI in the field.
- To synthesize evidence from major academic databases.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of studies.
- Searches conducted on PubMed, OpenEvidence, and Google Scholar.
- Synthesis of evidence on AI applications in orthopedic trauma.
Main Results:
- AI-assisted radiographic interpretation shows high pooled sensitivity (87%) and specificity (92%).
- AI generates patient-specific 3D models for surgical planning faster than manual methods.
- AI provides objective feedback for surgical education and administrative tasks like documentation.
Conclusions:
- AI demonstrates significant potential to improve patient outcomes and physician well-being in orthopedic trauma.
- A 'validation gap,' professional liability concerns, and the need for multicenter testing remain significant hurdles.
- AI integration necessitates rigorous human oversight due to risks like 'hallucinations'.
