Exposure-Associated Physiologic Reactions (EAPR): A Novel Clinical Framework for Multisystem Adverse Responses

Area of Science:

• Clinical Medicine
• Pharmacology
• Immunology

Background:

• Exposure-associated physiologic reactions (EAPR) are increasingly recognized but often misdiagnosed.
• These reactions are disproportionate, multisystemic, and don't fit traditional hypersensitivity or toxicity models.
• Atypical and transient EAPR often lead to diagnostic uncertainty and unnecessary investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose Exposure-associated physiologic reactions (EAPR) as a unifying clinical framework.
• To describe non-classical, non-IgE-mediated responses to diverse exposures.
• To integrate diverse clinical observations into a cohesive model.

Main Methods:

• Review of case-based evidence across multiple organ systems.
• Integration of cardiovascular, renal, neurologic, ophthalmologic, and autonomic manifestations.
• Development of a cohesive mechanistic and diagnostic model for EAPR.

Main Results:

• EAPR encompass a broad range of non-classical responses to exposures.
• A unifying framework for EAPR can integrate fragmented clinical observations.
• The proposed model offers a cohesive mechanistic and diagnostic approach.

Conclusions:

• Recognition of EAPR can enhance diagnostic accuracy and reduce unnecessary investigations.
• Implementing an EAPR framework may improve pharmacovigilance.
• Further systematic investigation is required to validate this conceptual model.