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Related Concept Videos

Formation of Lipopolysaccharides01:19

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Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are crucial components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, serving both structural and functional roles. It contributes to membrane stability and protects bacteria from host immune responses. LPS is composed of three major regions—lipid A, a core oligosaccharide, and an O antigen. The biosynthesis and assembly of LPS involve a highly coordinated set of enzymatic reactions and transport mechanisms. Additionally, LPS is recognized as an endotoxin,...
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Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
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Lipopolysaccharides Modulate Cellular Responses in Dental Pulp Cells.

Tanida Srisuwan1, Chatvadee Kornsuthisopon2, Nunthawan Nowwarote3,4

  • 1Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, cmu.ac.th.

International Journal of Dentistry
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers inflammatory responses in dental pulp cells (DPCs). Understanding these LPS-mediated signalling pathways is key for improving dental pulp repair and regeneration therapies.

Keywords:
dental pulpdifferentiationinflammationlipopolysaccharideoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of Gram-negative bacteria and a potent stimulator of immune responses.
  • Dental pulp cells (DPCs) are crucial for maintaining pulp vitality and initiating repair processes.
  • LPS exposure can significantly impact DPC behavior, influencing pulpal inflammation and regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review and elucidate the biological responses of dental pulp cells (DPCs) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
  • To deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying LPS-induced signaling in DPCs.
  • To identify how LPS affects DPC functions relevant to pulpal health, inflammation, and regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted in major scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar).
  • Keywords used included 'lipopolysaccharide', 'dental pulp cells', and 'dental pulp stem cells'.
  • Eligible studies (original research and reviews in English) investigating cellular/molecular responses of pulp-derived cells to LPS were included for a narrative review.

Main Results:

  • LPS consistently activates intracellular signaling cascades in DPCs.
  • Downstream effects include increased inflammatory cytokine production, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • LPS also induces premature cellular senescence and alters odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential in DPCs.

Conclusions:

  • LPS exposure triggers a complex cascade of detrimental biological events in dental pulp cells.
  • These molecular changes are central to pulpal inflammation and impair the tissue's regenerative capacity.
  • Understanding LPS-driven signaling is vital for developing targeted therapies for vital pulp treatments and promoting dentin regeneration.