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Related Concept Videos

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum01:17

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

9.1K
The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid...
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3D Planning and Printing of Patient Specific Implants for Reconstruction of Bony Defects
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Bioinspired Sternal Implant Design for Generic Anatomical Reconstruction: An In Silico Framework for Material

Işıl Kutbay1, Zeynep Gerdan2, Murat Çolak3

  • 1Department of Electronics and Automation, University of Health Sciences, Uskudar, 34668 Istanbul, Türkiye.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 27, 2026
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Summary

This study introduces a computational method to select sternal implant materials. Ti-13Nb-13Zr is recommended for load-bearing sternal reconstruction, while PEEK may suit adjunct designs.

Keywords:
CES selectorbioinspired designbiomaterial selectionfinite element analysissternum implantthoracic reconstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics
  • Medical Device Design

Background:

  • The sternum is vital for chest wall mechanics and organ protection.
  • Sternal reconstruction presents significant biomechanical challenges.
  • Material selection for sternal implants requires careful consideration of mechanical and biological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an in silico workflow for preselecting biomaterials for sternal implants.
  • To identify optimal materials for load-bearing sternal reconstruction.
  • To compare the biomechanical performance of candidate materials using finite element analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Virtual sternal resection and anatomically conformal implant design.
  • Biomaterial screening using CES Selector based on multiple criteria (e.g., mechanical properties, toxicity, MRI safety).
  • Finite element modeling to compare stress transfer and deformation of selected candidates.

Main Results:

  • Seventeen biomaterial candidates met the initial screening criteria.
  • Ti-13Nb-13Zr exhibited a favorable elastic modulus (approx. 80 GPa) and low deformation (0.96-1.03 mm).
  • Titanium-based materials showed less stress shielding compared to polymer-based materials like GF PEEK.

Conclusions:

  • Ti-13Nb-13Zr demonstrates the best balance for load-bearing sternal reconstruction.
  • PEEK-based materials may be suitable for hybrid or adjunct sternal implant designs.
  • The proposed in silico workflow aids early implant planning and guides future research.