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Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte properties and...

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A Comprehensive HPLC-HRMS/MS Targeted Screening Method to Detect 90 New Psychoactive Substances in Oral Fluid

Ilaria Spinella1, Fabio Altieri1, Simona Pichini2

  • 1Department of Biochemical Sciences "Rossi Fanelli", "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Biology
|April 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new method screens for 90 New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) in oral fluid. This validated ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry technique aids public health and forensic toxicology.

Keywords:
HPLC-MS/HRMSNew Psychoactive Substancesnitazenesoral fluidscreening methodsynthetic cannabinoidssynthetic cathinones

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) continuously emerge, presenting challenges in public health and forensic toxicology.
  • Their unpredictable pharmacology and rapid market turnover necessitate advanced detection methods.
  • Oral fluid (OF) is a preferred matrix for non-invasive sampling and roadside testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a high-resolution screening method for detecting 90 NPS simultaneously in oral fluid.
  • To provide a robust analytical tool for monitoring emerging NPS trends.

Main Methods:

  • A "dilute-and-shoot" approach with a 1:2 v/v dilution was employed.
  • Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole-Orbitrap hybrid mass spectrometer (UHPLC-HRMS/MS) was utilized.
  • Chromatographic separation was achieved within 11 minutes using a biphenyl column and gradient elution.

Main Results:

  • The method demonstrated high sensitivity, with limits of identification (LOI) as low as 1 ng/mL for 44.4% of analytes.
  • No significant matrix interference or carryover was observed during validation.
  • The method was successfully applied to real-world samples from quality control programs and forensic cases.

Conclusions:

  • A validated, robust, and versatile UHPLC-HRMS/MS screening method for 90 NPS in oral fluid has been established.
  • This method is suitable for both clinical and forensic applications.
  • The developed tool supports the crucial monitoring of evolving NPS trends in public health surveillance.