[Tuberculous mastitis: A rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis]

We present the case of a 39-year-old Indian female patient diagnosed with tuberculous mastitis and lymph node tuberculosis. The patient had a history of tuberculosis infection treatment as a newborn. She initially presented with symptoms including fever, weight loss, and coughing. Clinical examination revealed a newly developed mass in the right breast. Diagnostic workup included an 18F-FDG PET-CT scan, followed by repeated biopsies. Microbiological culture, molecular testing, and histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculous mastitis is a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Its diagnosis is often complicated due to frequent false-negative results in microbiological and histological tests. It predominantly affects women of childbearing age, especially in the postpartum period.