Postoperative Pain in Children: A Real Emergency

Alessandro Vittori1, Marco Cascella2

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Sage Open Pediatrics
|April 28, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Artificial intelligence (AI) can improve acute and post-operative pain management in pediatrics. AI-driven predictive models and nonverbal communication analysis can optimize resource allocation and patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Informatics
  • Pediatric Care

Background:

  • Acute pain, particularly post-operative pain, is often overlooked despite advancements in pediatric anesthesia.
  • While pediatric perioperative mortality and morbidity have decreased, significant gaps in organization and training persist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing pediatric acute and post-operative pain management.
  • To identify how AI can improve pain prediction, resource allocation, and assessment in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing large, well-structured datasets to develop predictive models for identifying high-risk patients.
  • Investigating AI's capability to analyze nonverbal communication for pain assessment in patients with cognitive barriers.

Main Results:

  • AI-driven predictive models can identify patients at higher risk for developing pain.
  • AI offers potential for more effective and rational resource allocation through reliable alerts.
  • AI can aid in diagnosing and measuring pain in patients with cognitive impairments by analyzing nonverbal cues.

Conclusions:

  • Artificial intelligence holds significant promise for revolutionizing acute and post-operative pain management in pediatric settings.
  • AI can lead to more efficient healthcare delivery and improved patient outcomes by enabling personalized risk assessment and pain monitoring.
  • Further development and implementation of AI in pediatric anesthesia can address existing organizational and training challenges.

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