Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
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Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

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Ascertaining the Kawasaki Disease-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Linkage in a Japanese Administrative Claims Database

Tomoki Mizuno1,2, Jun Suzuki1,2,3,4, Shota Takahashi2

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|April 28, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This study found a significant association between COVID-19 and Kawasaki Disease (KD). Individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 showed an increased risk of developing KD in the subsequent months.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The link between Kawasaki Disease (KD) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires further investigation.
  • Real-world clinical data on the association between KD and COVID-19 are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between KD and COVID-19.
  • Utilize a Japanese claims database for real-world evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a nested case-control study matching KD cases with controls.
  • Conducted a self-controlled case-series (SCCS) analysis.
  • Analyzed COVID-19 exposure within 1-90 days prior to KD diagnosis and within 120 days around COVID-19 diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Nested case-control analysis revealed a significantly higher odds of prior COVID-19 exposure in KD cases (OR 7.8 for 1-30 days; OR 3.6 for 31-60 days).
  • SCCS analysis showed elevated incidence rate ratios for KD following COVID-19 diagnosis (IRR 11 for Days 1-30; IRR 6.9 for Days 31-60).

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 infection is associated with an increased risk of developing Kawasaki Disease.
  • Findings suggest a potential causal link or shared pathophysiology between COVID-19 and KD.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID‐19SARS‐CoV‐2multisystem inflammatory syndrome in childrensevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

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