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Task complexity in exoskeleton setup and takedown: Procedural steps and usability problems as predictors of

Jessica Sanchez-Balandran1, Alejandra Martinez Fernandez1, Laura Tovar1

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Occupational exoskeleton setup and takedown procedures are complex, impacting industrial adoption. Task complexity, particularly the number of steps, significantly predicts completion time and success, highlighting a key deployment barrier.

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Ergonomics
  • Industrial Engineering

Background:

  • Occupational exoskeletons offer potential to reduce physical strain in industrial settings.
  • Limited industrial adoption of exoskeletons is partly due to setup and takedown complexities.
  • Understanding these procedures is crucial for successful exoskeleton deployment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how task complexity (steps, usability, parts) affects exoskeleton setup and takedown times and success.
  • To identify deployment barriers related to exoskeleton setup and takedown procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-nine participants performed setup (assembly, donning) and takedown (doffing, disassembly) of four exoskeletons.
  • Task times, success rates, and task complexity metrics (steps, parts, usability issues) were recorded.
  • Hierarchical task analysis and heuristic assessments were used to evaluate task complexity.

Main Results:

  • Setup tasks, especially assembly, were time-consuming and had higher failure rates than takedown.
  • The number of procedural steps was the strongest predictor of completion time (66.9% variance), with each step adding ~22 seconds.
  • Usability problems also significantly impacted completion time, while part count did not.

Conclusions:

  • Task complexity, particularly the number of steps and usability issues, significantly impacts exoskeleton setup and takedown efficiency.
  • The number of procedural steps is a primary predictor of setup performance, not the part count.
  • Addressing task complexity in setup procedures is essential to overcome deployment barriers for occupational exoskeletons.