A telomere-to-telomere reference genome for Stemona tuberosa

Stemona tuberosa is a medicinally important species, however, a complete telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly has remained unavailable. Here, we present the first T2T genome assembly for S. tuberosa, generated by integrating PacBio HiFi, ultra-long Oxford Nanopore, Illumina, and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The assembly produced two highly contiguous haplotype-resolved genomes, with total sizes of 803.04 Mb and 795.04 Mb, and contig N50 values of 113.29 Mb and 111.11 Mb, respectively. The proportion of fully assembled chromosomes reached 100% in both haplotypes. In addition, 14 putative centromeric regions were successfully identified across 7 pseudochromosomes, along with the annotation of 25,561 and 25,854 genes in the two haplotypes, respectively. This T2T genome assembly of S. tuberosa provides a valuable reference for elucidating the genetic architecture of the species. It significantly advances our capacity to investigate structural variations, gene function, and evolutionary processes within Stemona and related medicinal plant lineages.