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Related Concept Videos

Therapeutic Communication01:30

Therapeutic Communication

8.9K
Communication is a lifelong learning process. Through therapeutic communication, nurses can collect relevant assessment data, provide education and counseling, and interact during nursing interventions. Sending and receiving messages occur through verbal and nonverbal communication techniques and can happen separately or simultaneously.
Verbal communication depends on language or a prescribed way of using words so that people can share information effectively. The critical aspects of verbal...
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Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch01:15

Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch

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The history of therapeutic communication can be traced back to Florence Nightingale, who emphasized the importance of developing trusting relationships with patients. She taught that the presence of nurses with patients results in therapeutic healing.
Therapeutic communication is not the same as social interaction. Social interaction has no goal or purpose and consists of casual information sharing, whereas therapeutic communication has a plan or purpose for the conversation. Therapeutic...
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Techniques of Therapeutic Communication II: Focusing, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing01:23

Techniques of Therapeutic Communication II: Focusing, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing

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Focusing involves centering a conversation on a message's critical elements or concepts. Focusing is valuable if the talk is vague or patients begin to repeat themselves. Sometimes, when patients are asked about their symptoms, they may go off-topic and try to tell their entire life story. Respectfully, the nurse should bring the conversation back into focus.
This therapeutic technique can also be used when a patient brings up pertinent information during a health-related conversation. The...
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Role of Communication in the Nursing Process II: Planning and Implementation01:25

Role of Communication in the Nursing Process II: Planning and Implementation

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Several factors are considered while creating a patient's care plan. Motivation is a factor in improving communication, and patients often require encouragement to try different approaches involving significant change. It is essential to involve the patient and family in decisions about the plan of care to determine whether the suggested methods are acceptable. Consider meeting critical comfort and safety needs before introducing new communication methods and techniques. Allow adequate time...
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Nursing Ethical Principles II01:27

Nursing Ethical Principles II

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Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's...
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Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

Cancer Survival Analysis

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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Related Experiment Video

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Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
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Navigating Prognostic Dialogue During Serious Illness Conversations.

Cæcilie Borregaard Myrhøj1,2, Juliet Jacobsen3,4,5, Thomas W LeBlanc6

  • 1Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

JAMA Network Open
|April 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Clinicians trained in serious illness conversations can facilitate "double awareness" by navigating prognostic dialogue. Attentiveness to patient readiness and using prognostic uncertainty constructively supports living meaningfully while preparing for end-of-life care.

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Palliative Care
  • Communication Studies

Background:

  • Serious illness conversations are crucial for patients facing life-limiting conditions.
  • In hematology, prognostic uncertainty and novel therapy expectations can impede end-of-life discussions.
  • Cultivating 'double awareness' (living meaningfully while preparing for death) is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how patients, caregivers, and hematology clinicians navigate prognostic dialogue in serious illness conversations.
  • To understand how this dialogue facilitates 'double awareness'.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative analysis of audio-recorded serious illness conversations from a Danish nationwide cluster randomized trial (ACT study).
  • Reflexive thematic analysis of 25 selected transcripts from patients with hematologic malignant neoplasms, caregivers, and clinicians.
  • Study included patients with multiple myeloma, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome, and acute leukemia.

Main Results:

  • Clinician training and preparatory materials established a foundation for prognostic dialogue.
  • Clinicians adapted the depth and timing of prognostic information based on patient and caregiver cues.
  • Prognostic uncertainty was strategically used to balance realistic concerns with hope.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians' attentiveness to patients' and caregivers' readiness is key to enabling prognostic dialogue.
  • Prognostic uncertainty can be a constructive resource, not a barrier, in serious illness care.
  • This approach supports patients in living meaningfully while preparing for end-of-life.