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Trends in Early-Onset Cancer Incidence Rates in Latin America: A Scoping Review Protocol.

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Summary

Early-onset (EO) cancers are rising globally, but data from Latin America are limited. This scoping review will map and synthesize existing evidence on EO cancer incidence trends in the region to inform public health strategies.

Keywords:
Latin AmericaNeoplasmsOncologyYoung Adultscancer incidencecancer trendsearly‐onset cancerepidemiologyscoping review

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Global incidence of early-onset (EO) cancers (diagnosed <50 years) has risen significantly.
  • Epidemiological data on EO cancers in Latin America are fragmented and underexplored.
  • This study addresses the need for a comprehensive overview of EO cancer trends in this region.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically map and synthesize available evidence on early-onset cancer incidence trends in Latin American populations.
  • To identify patterns in EO cancer incidence by cancer type, population characteristics, and methodology.
  • To inform public health policy, enhance cancer surveillance, and pinpoint research gaps in Latin America.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping review conducted following JBI and PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Comprehensive search of multiple databases, registries, and gray literature without language or date restrictions.
  • Inclusion of studies reporting incidence data for solid tumors diagnosed before age 50 in Latin American countries.

Main Results:

  • The review will present a consolidated overview of search results, study selection, and data analysis.
  • Descriptive statistics and qualitative synthesis will be employed to analyze findings.
  • Incidence patterns, population characteristics, and methodological approaches will be highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • This review will consolidate epidemiological data on early-onset cancers in Latin America.
  • Findings will support the development of targeted public health policies and improved cancer surveillance.
  • The study aims to identify critical research gaps for future investigations in the region.