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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Unlocking antimicrobial stewardship optimization potential in Canadian hospitals: a mixed-methods needs assessment.

Monica Augustyniak1, Robert Ariano2, Paul Bonnar3

  • 1Department of Research, AXDEV Group Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Jac-Antimicrobial Resistance
|April 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs in Canadian hospitals face challenges due to gaps in healthcare provider education, leadership, and systemic resources. Addressing these issues is crucial for effective infection management and combating antimicrobial resistance.

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Management
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Canadian hospitals require a deeper understanding of challenges in implementing and assessing antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs.
  • Existing gaps hinder the capacity of healthcare providers to manage infections according to AMS principles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify individual, team, and systemic barriers affecting healthcare providers' ability to diagnose, treat, and manage infections in alignment with AMS principles in Canada.
  • To pinpoint deficiencies in competencies, leadership, and organizational capacity for effective AMS implementation.

Main Methods:

  • A sequential mixed-method needs assessment was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative phases.
  • Discrepancy analysis was used to identify gaps between current and expected measures.

Main Results:

  • Sub-optimal competencies in following AMS recommendations and educating patients on antimicrobial resistance were observed in 45% of healthcare providers.
  • A significant distrust in AMS recommendations (71%) and a perception of under-implementation (56%) despite perceived adequate funding were reported.
  • Systemic barriers included strained human resources, lack of specialized personnel, and unfavorable performance metrics.

Conclusions:

  • Educational, organizational, and leadership enhancements are necessary to overcome barriers to AMS integration in Canadian hospitals.
  • Addressing these multi-level factors is essential to fully realize the potential of antimicrobial stewardship programs.