Spaceborne synthetic aperture passive imaging technology for wide-area electromagnetic spectrum map generation

Current space-based electromagnetic spectrum sensing and imaging methods suffer from several limitations, including low efficiency in acquiring holistic situational information of radiation source clusters, inherent contradiction between field of view (FOV) and resolution, and insufficient real-time imaging capability. To address these challenges, this paper innovatively applies the synthetic aperture passive imaging method, originally used in the field of "natural thermal radiation remote sensing," to the domain of spaceborne electromagnetic spectrum sensing, establishing a system model encompassing "ground station modeling - space propagation - spaceborne synthetic aperture passive imaging," and analyzing the differences between the ground station signal and natural thermal radiation during model establishment and synthetic aperture imaging processes in detail. We adopt a staggered Y-shaped synthetic aperture and define its placement and imaging perspective when deployed on a satellite platform. The experiments establish a dynamic simulation scene achieving a high-precision, wide-area, real-time rapid imaging of ground station electromagnetic situation.