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Updated: May 2, 2026

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

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Antimicrobial resistance in Palestine: Emerging hotspots and trends from a 4-year hospital-based study

Rana Khanafsa1, Mamoun At Ibaideya2, Amirah Azzeri1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia.

IJID Regions
|May 1, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) increased significantly in West Bank hospitals from 2020-2023, particularly in ICUs and EDs. Targeted interventions and surveillance are crucial to combat this escalating threat.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat.
  • Understanding local AMR trends and infection hotspots is crucial for effective control strategies.
  • Fragile health systems face unique challenges in combating AMR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze 4-year trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and identify infection hotspots.
  • To assess organism prevalence and resistance patterns in a major West Bank referral hospital.
  • To inform targeted interventions for AMR mitigation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 18,802 bacterial isolates from 15,147 patients (Jan 2020 - Dec 2023).
  • Data collected from the Palestine Medical Complex.
  • Analysis included organism prevalence, resistance trends, and ward-level infection burdens.

Main Results:

  • Resistant isolates rose from 31.9% (2020) to 37.7% (2023), driven by ESBL-producing E. coli and CRE.
  • Infection hotspots identified in the emergency department, ICU, and surgical units.
  • A surge in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii during the 2022 COVID-19 pandemic indicated a syndemic interaction.

Conclusions:

  • The escalating AMR threat necessitates urgent surveillance and targeted interventions.
  • Ward-specific antimicrobial stewardship and demographic-targeted infection control are critical.
  • Regional data-sharing frameworks are vital for fragile health systems to mitigate AMR spread.
Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Infection controlPrevalenceResistanceWard-specific

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