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Updated: May 2, 2026

Semi-automatic PD-L1 Characterization and Enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Immunofluorescence

Semi-automatic PD-L1 Characterization and Enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients by Immunofluorescence

Published on: August 14, 2019

Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Jongmoo Park¹, Ji Woon Yea², Jae Won Park²

¹Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.

Thoracic Cancer

|May 1, 2026

Summary

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is linked to poorer survival in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). This finding suggests PD-L1 may help identify high-risk patients for better treatment strategies.

Keywords:

non‐small‐cell lung cancer programmed death‐ligand 1 stereotactic body radiotherapy

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Published on: September 25, 2018

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Last Updated: May 2, 2026

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Using 22C3 Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Concentrate on Biopsy and Cytology Samples from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Using 22C3 Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Concentrate on Biopsy and Cytology Samples from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Published on: September 25, 2018

Area of Science:

Oncology
Radiotherapy
Biomarker Research

Background:

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a standard treatment for early-stage, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in medically inoperable patients.
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a known biomarker for predicting immunotherapy response, but its prognostic role in NSCLC treated with SBRT is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression in early-stage NSCLC patients treated with SBRT.
To determine if PD-L1 can serve as a biomarker for risk stratification in this patient population.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 54 early-stage NSCLC patients treated with SBRT.
PD-L1 expression assessed by SP263 immunohistochemistry and quantified by tumor proportion score.
Prognostic impact evaluated using continuous PD-L1 and an exploratory 2% cutoff, with outcomes including local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS).

Main Results:

SBRT demonstrated a high 2-year LRFS rate of 98%.
Higher PD-L1 expression as a continuous variable was independently associated with inferior RFS, DFS, and OS (HRs ranging from 1.04 to 1.07, p < 0.01).
PD-L1-positive patients showed a higher incidence of regional recurrence (30.0% vs. 5.9%, p=0.041).

Conclusions:

PD-L1 expression is an independent prognostic biomarker associated with worse survival outcomes in early-stage NSCLC patients undergoing SBRT.
PD-L1 may aid in risk stratification for personalized treatment approaches in this cohort.