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Breaking the Size Constraint: Rational Vacancy Design Activates Submicron Prussian Blue Cathodes for Potassium-Ion

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  • 1Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.

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Summary

Introducing vacancies into iron hexacyanoferrate (FeHCF) cathodes improves potassium-ion battery performance. This strategy enhances potassium storage kinetics and mitigates particle size effects for durable grid-scale energy storage.

Keywords:
Prussian blue analoguesiron hexacyanoferratepotassium‐ion batteriessize effectvacancy

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • High-performance cathodes are crucial for potassium-ion batteries in grid-scale energy storage.
  • Iron hexacyanoferrate (FeHCF) Prussian blue analogues offer stability but suffer from poor K+ diffusion, limiting capacity with larger particle sizes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance potassium storage kinetics in FeHCF cathodes by introducing vacancies.
  • To mitigate the particle size effect and improve the practical application of FeHCF in potassium-ion batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Introducing vacancies into the FeHCF framework.
  • Implementing a local lattice reconstruction strategy to reinforce the framework.
  • Characterizing electrochemical performance, including capacity, cycling stability, and rate performance.

Main Results:

  • Vacancies significantly enhance K+ storage kinetics and mitigate the particle size effect.
  • 500 nm FeHCF particles retained 72% of the capacity of 50 nm particles.
  • The optimized FeHCF demonstrated a reversible capacity of 90 mAh g-1 at 50 mA g-1 with 82.6% retention after 800 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The introduction of vacancies is pivotal for optimizing K+ storage kinetics in Prussian blue analogues.
  • This approach supports the development of high-performance, durable cathodes for potassium-ion batteries.
  • Lattice reconstruction further enhances reversible capacity and cycling stability.