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Genome Sequencing in Infectious Disease Outbreaks
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisbon, Portugal. j.paulo.gomes@insa.min-saude.pt.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 3, 2026
Summary
Genome sequencing is vital for tracking infectious disease spread and evolution. This technology aids in identifying pathogen mutations and informs public health strategies for better outbreak control.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Epidemiology
- Genomics
Background:
- Genome sequencing is a critical tool for understanding and managing infectious disease outbreaks.
- It enables precise tracking of pathogen spread and evolution by decoding genetic material.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the role of genome sequencing in infectious disease outbreak management.
- To demonstrate its utility in tracing transmission, identifying mutations, and informing public health responses.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of pathogen genetic sequences from various sources.
- Monitoring emergence of new variants and informing vaccine strategies.
Main Results:
- Genome sequencing accurately traces disease transmission pathways and identifies outbreak sources.
- It reveals mutations affecting transmissibility, virulence, and treatment resistance.
- Crucial role demonstrated during COVID-19 pandemic for variant monitoring and vaccine strategies.
Conclusions:
- Genome sequencing provides essential insights for targeted public health interventions.
- Advancements in sequencing technology and decreasing costs will enhance future outbreak control and prevention strategies.
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